Leadership Theories in Organisations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Leadership Theories in Organisations - Essay Example There are various theories that explain how entities are led to achieve company’s objectives. Trait approach theory, skills approach theory, transformational leadership theory, situational approach theory, style approach theory, contingency approach theory, path-goal theory and psychodynamic theory are leadership theories to be analyzed. The area of focus is leadership in the construction industry. Sir Michael Latham, Sir John Egan and Ray O’Rouke (Build 2008) have been identified as leaders in the construction industry. According to Chartered Institute of Building (2008), UK’s construction industry does not have highly influential leaders. Trait leadership approach suggests that personal characteristics dictate success and effectiveness of a leader. According to Daft (2007 p. 38), intelligence, honesty and patience are some of the personal characteristics that must be possessed by all leaders. Creativity, self confidence, higher levels of energy, height, self ap pearance, knowledge, speech fluency, popularity, sociability, persistence, hard work and desire to excel are some of the key traits that define leaders (West and West 2006 p. 98; McNeal 2010; Griffin P. 473). In addition, simple acts of kindness can make one a strong and reliable leader (Maxwell & Littleton 2001).Trait approach theory presumes that leaders are born and not made. This theory approach does not seem consistent with the construction sector in the UK. This is because the sector lacks highly influential leaders yet it presumes that leaders are born and not made. Does it mean that of all the employees in the construction sector, there is no single natural leader? It is not possible in the whole industry not to have a single person with all or most of the personal attributes that makes one a natural leader. Most leaders and managers in the construction industry were above forty three years of age. If leaders were born, then the industry could have

Music Therapy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Music Therapy - Essay Example Listening to music positively affect thoughts, behaviors and feelings of individuals (Lindquist et al101). Listening to the rhythm of music stimulates the body by enhancing the pulse rate and respiration pattern as well. Dancing to the tune of music can help in relaxing ones’ muscles, energizing and to some extent influencing individuals in personal ways. Music is not only effective in enhancing healing on the listeners, but also help in boosting the confidence and self-esteem of the writers since they express their thoughts and feelings when composing music. Different body parts resonate to different pitches and sounds. Some types of music can also affect the human soul and spirit powerfully based on their messages and rhythm as well. Music, being a worldwide therapy both in making and in listening, is critical in the spiritual life. The majority of the traditions of religions use music to enhance the mood for worship, prayer, joyful or reverence celebrations. Listening in watching TV brings about thrilling effect for instance having a great feeling of anticipation of watching next episodes in cinemas because of the preceding songs in a film (Lindquist et al105). This thrilling effect helps in boosting mood feeling in individuals. Studies show that playing some songs helps in increasing the intelligence quotient. Similarly, it has been established that children who study musical instruments are always more quick at problem-solving skills and spatial awareness development. Listening is also important in regulating feeding habits. A research study indicated that in busy restaurants, fast music makes people eat fast hence leaving spaces in the restaurant tables (Lindquist et al104). Music, other than making the mind relax, has played a significant role in the psychiatric institutions. It has shown effectiveness in the fastening of recovery to the patients suffering from mental disorders, for instance, the post-traumatic stress disorders. Coordination